Gilles de Kerchove, the European Union's counter-terrorism coordinator, speaks during an interview with the Associated Press in Ankara, Turkey, Tuesday, Nov. 28, 2017. De Kerchove says the loss of its so-called "caliphate" will cripple the Islamic State group but the threat from the extremists is not over yet. (AP Photo/Burhan Ozbilici)

ANKARA, Turkey - The recent loss of its so-called "caliphate" will cripple the Islamic State group but the terror threat posed by the extremists is not over yet, the European Union's counter-terrorism co-ordinator said.

Gilles de Kerchove told The Associated Press in an interview that there hasn't been a massive flow of IS fighters returning to Europe as many had feared following the group's loss of territory in Syria and Iraq, adding that the intelligence services describe the fighters' return as "more a trickle than a flow."

However, people inspired by the ideology remain a threat and the group is likely to entrench in other parts of world with "weak governance" such as Libya or Afghanistan, the EU official said.

De Kerchove was in Turkey for talks on enhancing co-operation against terrorism. He spoke with the AP on Tuesday but his comments were under an embargo set by the EU's office in Ankara until Thursday.

IS has been driven from more than 96 per cent of the large parts of Iraq and Syria it once held, crushing its goal of establishing a "caliphate" in the region.

Raqqa, the group's de-facto capital in Syria, fell to Kurdish-led forces on Oct. 17, four months after operations to reclaim it began. The city was the group's hub of operations, and its capture was a major symbolic blow.

"With no physical 'caliphate' anymore, it will be much more difficult for the organization to repeat what they have done and attract so many people," de Kerchove said. "That does not mean that the game is over. We still have to address the ideology. More and more, we see in Europe (people) inspired by terrorism, home-grown terrorism."

He said Islamic State "will probably develop in one way or the other in some parts where you have weak governance. Either more weak governance like in Libya or Afghanistan or where it's more difficult to police, like in the Sinai."

An attack on a mosque in Egypt's northern Sinai region last week killed more than 300 people.

Addressing the issue of dozens of European women and children in Iraq and Syria whose husbands and fathers joined IS, de Kerchove said they should be allowed to return, but spoke of the necessity of putting in place effective rehabilitation programs.

He praised Turkey's efforts to fortify its border with Syria, through the construction of a wall and improved policing.

"I wouldn't say it's impossible to cross the border but it's now 10 times more difficult than it was before," he said.

News from © The Associated Press, 2017